May 08, 2006

Demographic Woes


Demographic Woes

Adding Up Russia's Odd Demographics

Russia's natural population decline, which could total 30 percent by 2035, according to the grimmest forecasts, is being partially offset through immigration. But Russian legislators did not seem to see the silver lining on this grey cloud as they set about discussing Russia's new law on migration.

Over 20 million persons migrate to Russia each year, half of them illegally, Federal Migration Service head Konstantin Romodanovsky told Duma deputies, as reported by RIAN. This post-Soviet immigration wave is carrying in ethnic Russians, stuck in other republics after collapse of the USSR, where they often face discrimination, and guest workers from poorer ex-Soviet republics, whose earnings make major contributions to home countries' income. Money transfers home by guest workers in Russia account for 20 percent of Georgia's GDP, and 30 percent of Moldova's. Tadzhiks manage to send back twice the amount of their country's state budget. There are no official figures readily available on what private Chinese traders make throughout Russia, legally or otherwise.

On the flip side, there are many stories of "slave market" abuse growing out of this massive influx of foreign workers. Employers have been known to confiscate the passports of migrant workers and make them toil for little more than food and shelter. Meanwhile, Russians are increasingly unhappy about migrant communities controlling various parts of the economy. Ponaehali tut has become a common expression for exasperation about newcomers. This, combined with the government's careful stoking of Russian nationalism, translates into a generally hostile attitude towards migrants, and even hate crimes. Azeris, Armenians, Georgians, and other peoples from the Northern Caucasus — lumped together under the derogatory term Kavkaztsy — are regularly subjected to verbal, psychic and physical abuse. Dark-skinned international students at Russian univesities, mostly from Africa and the Arab world, the BBC reports, are also quite vulnerable. Dozens of beatings and even killings of international students have been reported throughout Russia in the past years.

Even the tide of immigrants cannot stop Russia's population decline. It has fallen by about a million persons a year since 1998 — just part of the largest peacetime population loss in Europe since the plagues, for which there is no discernible end at sight, according to a recent report in Foreign Affairs. As of January 2006, Russia's population stood at 142.3 million. The current birth- to-death ratio in Russia is 3:5, according to Nikolay Gerasimenko, deputy chairman of the State Duma's health committee, ITAR-TASS reports. Today, the average Russian man is expected to live to the age of 59, a woman to 72. According to the Foreign Affairs report, the number of healthy children born in Russia today is lower than before the discovery of penicillin. The ratio is also adversely affected by unhealthy lifestyles, a less-than-adequate health care system and the fact that so many middle-aged and elderly Russians live in poverty.

And so, as the situation with Russia's own declining population becomes more grave, the country will be forced to accept and harness immigration as a way to keep the engine of the economy running. In 2005, over half a million persons were granted Russian citizenship, according to the Federal Migration Service.

Like this post? Get a weekly email digest + member-only deals

Some of our Books

Life Stories
September 01, 2009

Life Stories

The Life Stories collection is a nice introduction to contemporary Russian fiction: many of the 19 authors featured here have won major Russian literary prizes and/or become bestsellers. These are life-affirming stories of love, family, hope, rebirth, mystery and imagination, masterfully translated by some of the best Russian-English translators working today. The selections reassert the power of Russian literature to affect readers of all cultures in profound and lasting ways. Best of all, 100% of the profits from the sale of this book are going to benefit Russian hospice—not-for-profit care for fellow human beings who are nearing the end of their own life stories.

The Little Humpbacked Horse
November 03, 2014

The Little Humpbacked Horse

A beloved Russian classic about a resourceful Russian peasant, Vanya, and his miracle-working horse, who together undergo various trials, exploits and adventures at the whim of a laughable tsar, told in rich, narrative poetry.

Murder at the Dacha
July 01, 2013

Murder at the Dacha

Senior Lieutenant Pavel Matyushkin has a problem. Several, actually. Not the least of them is the fact that a powerful Soviet boss has been murdered, and Matyushkin's surly commander has given him an unreasonably short time frame to close the case.

Frogs Who Begged...
November 01, 2010

Frogs Who Begged...

The fables of Ivan Krylov are rich fonts of Russian cultural wisdom and experience – reading and understanding them is vital to grasping the Russian worldview. This new edition of 62 of Krylov’s tales presents them side-by-side in English and Russian. The wonderfully lyrical translations by Lydia Razran Stone are accompanied by original, whimsical color illustrations by Katya Korobkina.

Stargorod: A Novel in Many Voices
May 01, 2013

Stargorod: A Novel in Many Voices

Stargorod is a mid-sized provincial city that exists only in Russian metaphorical space. It has its roots in Gogol, and Ilf and Petrov, and is a place far from Moscow, but close to Russian hearts. It is a place of mystery and normality, of provincial innocence and Black Earth wisdom. Strange, inexplicable things happen in Stargorod. So do good things. And bad things. A lot like life everywhere, one might say. Only with a heavy dose of vodka, longing and mystery.

Murder and the Muse
December 12, 2016

Murder and the Muse

KGB Chief Andropov has tapped Matyushkin to solve a brazen jewel heist from Picasso’s wife at the posh Metropole Hotel. But when the case bleeds over into murder, machinations, and international intrigue, not everyone is eager to see where the clues might lead.

How Russia Got That Way
September 20, 2025

How Russia Got That Way

A fast-paced crash course in Russian history, from Norsemen to Navalny, that explores the ways the Kremlin uses history to achieve its ends.

The Latchkey Murders
July 01, 2015

The Latchkey Murders

Senior Lieutenant Pavel Matyushkin is back on the case in this prequel to the popular mystery Murder at the Dacha, in which a serial killer is on the loose in Khrushchev’s Moscow...

93 Untranslatable Russian Words
December 01, 2008

93 Untranslatable Russian Words

Every language has concepts, ideas, words and idioms that are nearly impossible to translate into another language. This book looks at nearly 100 such Russian words and offers paths to their understanding and translation by way of examples from literature and everyday life. Difficult to translate words and concepts are introduced with dictionary definitions, then elucidated with citations from literature, speech and prose, helping the student of Russian comprehend the word/concept in context.

About Us

Russian Life is a publication of a 30-year-young, award-winning publishing house that creates a bimonthly magazine, books, maps, and other products for Russophiles the world over.

Latest Posts

Our Contacts

Russian Life
73 Main Street, Suite 402
Montpelier VT 05602

802-223-4955