Russian Constitution - Pt. 4

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Summary: Chapter 4, President of the Russian Federation; Articles 80 - 93.

Chapter 4:

PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Article 80

1) The President of the Russian Federation in the Head of State.

2) The President of the Russian Federation is the guarantor of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and of human and civil rights and freedoms. Within the procedure established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, he adopts measures to safeguard the sovereignty of the Russian Federation and its independence and State integrity, and ensures the coordinated functioning and collaboration of organs of State power.

3) The President of the Russian Federation, in compliance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal laws, determines the basic guidelines of the State's domestic and foreign policy.

4) The President to the Russian Federation, in his capacity as Head of State, represents the Russian Federation within the country and in international relations.

Article 81

1) The President of the Russian Federation is elected for four years by citizens of the Russian Federation on the basis of universal, equal, and direct suffrage in a secret ballot.

2) A citizen of the Russian Federation who is at least thirty-five years of age and has been permanently resident in the Russian Federation for at least ten years can be elected President of the Russian Federation.

3) One and the same person cannot hold the office of President of the Russian Federation for more than two consecutive terms.

4) The procedure of elections for President of the Russian Federation is established by federal law.

Article 82

1) At his inauguration the President of the Russian Federation swears the following oath to the people: "In exercising the powers of President of the Russian Federation I swear to respect and protect human and civil rights and freedoms, to observe and defend the Constitution of the Russian Federation, to defend the State's sovereignty and independence and its security and integrity, and faithfully to serve the people."

2) The oath is administered in a ceremonial atmosphere in the presence of members of the Federation Council, deputies of the State Duma, and justices of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.

Article 83

The President of the Russian Federation:

a) appoints with the consent of the State Duma the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation;

b) has the right to chair sittings of the Government of the Russian Federation;

c) adopts the decision on the dismissal of the Government of the Russian Federation;

d) submits to the state Duma the candidate for appointment to the office of Chairman of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; raises before the State Duma the question of removing from office the Chairman of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation;

e) at the proposal of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation appoints and removes from office the Deputy Chairmen of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministers;

f) submits to the Federation Council candidates for appointment to the office of justices of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, and Superior Court of Arbitration of the Russian Federation, and also the candidate for General Prosecutor of the Russian Federation; submits to the Federation Council the proposal on removing from office the General Prosecutor of the Russian Federation; appoints justices in other federal courts;

g) forms and heads the Security Council of the Russian Federation, whose status is defined by federal law;

h) approves the military doctrine of the Russian Federation;

i) forms the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation;

j) appoints and removes plenipotentiary representatives of the President of the Russian Federation;

k) appoints and removes the high command of the armed forces of the Russian Federation;

l.) appoints and recalls after consultations with the relevant committees or commissions of the chambers of the Federal Assembly diplomatic representatives of the Russian Federation in foreign states and international organizations.

Article 84

The President of the Russian Federation:

a) schedules elections to the State Duma in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal law;

b) dissolves the State Duma in instances and according to the procedure laid down by the Constitution of the Russian Federation;

c) schedules referendums according to the procedure prescribed by federal constitutional law;

d) submits draft laws to the State Duma;

e) signs and promulgates federal laws;

f) delivers to the Federal Assembly annual messages on the state of the nation and on the basic guidelines of the State's domestic and foreign policy.

Article 85

1) The President of the Russian Federation may use conciliation procedures to resolve disagreements between organs of State power of the Russian Federation and organs of State power of components of the Russian Federation, and also between organs of State power of components of the Russian Federation. In the event of failure to reach an agreed solution he may refer the resolution of the dispute for examination by the appropriate court.

2) Pending a resolution of the matter by the appropriate court, the President of the Russian Federation is entitled to suspend the operation of enactments by organs of executive power of components of the Russian Federation if these enactments contravene the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws or the Russian Federation's international commitments or violate human and civil rights and freedoms.

Article 86

The President of the Russian Federation:

a) exercises leadership of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation;

b) conducts talks and signs international treaties of the Russian Federation;

c) signs instruments of ratification;

d) accepts the credentials and letters of recall of diplomatic representatives accredited to him.

Article 87

1) The President of the Russian Federation is the supreme Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the Russian Federation.

2) In the event of aggression against the Russian Federation or a direct threat of aggression the President of the Russian Federation introduces martial law on the territory of the Russian Federation or in individual localities of that territory and immediately notifies the Federation Council and State Duma of this.

3) The regime of martial law is defined by federal constitutional law.

Article 88

In the circumstances and according to the procedure laid down by federal constitutional law, the President of the Russian Federation introduces on the territory of the Russian Federation or in individual localities of that territory a state of emergency and immediately notifies the Federation Council and State Duma of this.

Article 89

The President of the Russian Federation:

a) decides questions of citizenship of the Russian Federation and of granting political asylum;

b) confers State awards of the Russian Federation and awards honorary titles of the Russian Federation and higher military and higher special ranks;

c) grants pardons.

Article 90

1) The President of the Russian Federation issues edicts and directives.

2) Implementation of the edicts and directives of the President of the Russian Federation is mandatory throughout the territory of the Russian Federation.

3) The edicts and directives of the President of the Russian Federation must not contravene the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.

Article 91

The President of the Russian Federation enjoys immunity.

Article 92

1) The President of the Russian Federation begins exercising his powers from the moment he swears the oath and ceases exercising them upon the expiry of his term of office from the moment that the newly elected President of the Russian Federation swears the oath.

2) The President of the Russian Federation ceases the exercise of his powers early in the event of his resignation, persistent inability to exercise his powers for health reasons, or removal from office. Furthermore, the election of the President of the Russian Federation must take place no later than three months after the early cessation of the exercise of power.

3) In all instances where the President of the Russian Federation is unable to perform his duties, they are temporarily carried out by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation. The acting President of the Russian Federation does not have the right to dissolve the State Duma, schedule a referendum, or submit proposals on amendments to and the revision of provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Article 93

1) The President of the Russian Federation can be removed from office by the Federation Council only on the basis of a charge of treason or commission of some other grave crime, filed by the State Duma and confirmed by a ruling of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation that the actions of the President of the Russian Federation contain the elements of crime and a ruling by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation that the established procedure for filing the charge has been observed.

2) The decision by the State Duma on filing the charge and the decision by the Federation Council on removing the President from office must be adopted by a vote of two-thirds of the total number of members of each chamber on the initiative of at least one-third of the deputies of the State Duma and provided there is a ruling by a special commission formed by the State Duma.

3) The decision by the Federation Council on removing the President of the Russian Federation from office must be adopted not later than three months following the filing of the charge against the President by the State Duma. If the decision by the Federation Council is not adopted within this period of time, the charge against the President is deemed rejected.

Chapter One | Chapter Two | Chapter Three |
Chapter Four | Chapter Five | Chapter Six |
Chapter Seven | Chapter Eight | Chapter Nine |
Section Two | Index |

Midnight Diaries