Russian Constitution - Pt. 3

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Summary: Chapter 3, Federative Structure; Articles 65 - 79.

Chapter 3:

FEDERATIVE STRUCTURE

Article 65

1) The composition of the Russian Federation comprises the following components of the Russian Federation:

The Republic of Adygea (Adygea), the Republic of Altay, the Republic of Bashkorostan, the Republic of Burytia, the Republic of Dagestan, the Ingush Republic, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, the Republic of Kalmkia -- Khalmg Tangch, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the Republic of Karelia, the Republic of Komi, the Republic of Mari El, the Republic of Mordovia, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Republic of North Ossetia, the Republic of Tatarstan (Tartarstan), the Republic of Tuva, the Udmurt Republic, the Republic of Khakassia, the Chechen Republic, the Chuvash Republic -Chavash Respubliki:

Altay Kray, Kransnoyarsk Kray, Maritime Kray, Stavropol Kray, Khabarovsk Kray.

Amur Oblast, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Astrakhan Oblast, Belgorod Oblast, Bryansk Oblast, Vladimir Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Vologda Oblast, Veronezh Oblast, Ivanovo Oblast, Irkutsk Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast, Kaluga Oblast, Kamchatka Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast, Kirov Oblast, Kostrama Oblast, Kurgan Foblast, Kusk Oblast, Leninigrad Oblast, Lipestk Oblast, Magadan Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Murmansk Oblast Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast, Novogorod Foblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Omsk Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Orel Oblast, Penza Oblast, Perm Oblast, Pskov,Oblast, Rostov Oblast, Ryazan Oblast, Samara Oblast, Saratov Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, Sverdlovsk Obalst, Smolensk Oblast, Tambov Oblast, Tver Oblast, Tomsk Oblast, Tula Oblast, Tyumen Oblast, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Chita Oblast, Yaroslavl Oblast;

Moscow, St. Petersburg - cities of federal significance;

The Jewish Autonomous Oblast;

The Aga Buryat Autonomous Okrug, the Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug, the Koryak Autonomous Okrug, the Nenestk Autonomous Okrug, the Taymyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug, the Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug, the Khanti-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, the Chukotsk Autonomous Okrug, the Evenk Autommous Okrug, the Yamalo-Nenetsk Autonomous Okrug.

2) The admission to the Russian Federation and the formation as part of the Russian Federation of a new component are carried out according to the procedure laid down by federal constitutional law.

Article 66

1) The status of a republic is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and by the constitution of the republic.

2) The status of akray, oblast, city of federal significance, autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrug is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the charter of the kray, oblast, city of federal significance, autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrug adopted by the legislative (representative) organ of the relevant component of the Russian Federation.

3) A federal law on the autonomous oblast or an autonomous okrug can be adopted upon submission by the legislative and executive organs of the autonomous oblast or autonomous okrug.

4) The relations of autonomous okrugs forming part of a kray or oblast can be regulated by a federal law and treaty between the organs of State power of an autonomous okrug and accordingly, by the organs of State power of a kray or oblast.

5) The status of a component of the Russian Federation can be changed by the mutual consent of the Russian Federation and the component of the Russian Federation in accordance with federal constitutional law.

Article 67

1) The territory of the Russian Federation includes the territories of its components, internal bodies of water, and territorial sea, and the airspace over these.

2) The Russian Federation possesses sovereign rights and exercises jurisdiction over the continental shelf and within the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation in accordance with the procedure defined by federal law and the norms of international law.

3) The borders between components of the Russian Federation can be amended by their mutual consent.

Article 68

1) The Russian language is the State language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory.

2) Republics are entitled to establish their own State languages. They are used alongside the State language of the Russian Federation in the organs of State power, organs of local self-government, and State institutions of the republics.

3) The Russian Federation guarantees all its peoples the right to retain their mother tongue, and to create conditions for its study and development.

Article 69

The Russian Federation guarantees the rights of numerically small indigenous peoples in accordance with the generally recognized principles and norms of international law and the international treaties of th Russian Federation.

Article 70

1) The State flag, emblem and anthem of the Russian Federation, the description of these, and the procedure for their official use are established by federal constitutional law.

2) The capital of the Russian Federation is the city of Moscow. The status of the capital is established by federal law.

Article 71

The following fall within the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation:

a) the adoption and amendment of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws, and the monitoring of compliance with them;

b) the federative system and territory of the Russian Federation;

c) the regulation and protection of human and civil rights and freedoms; citizenship in the Russian Federation; the regulation and protection of the right of national minorities;

d) the establishment of a system of federal organs of legislative, executive, and judicial power, the procedure for their organization and activity; the formation of federal organs of state power;

e) federal State property and the management thereof;

f) the establishment of the fundamental of federal policy and federal programs in the sphere of State, economic, ecological, social, cultural, and national development of the Russian Federation;

g) the establishment of the legal foundations of the single market; financial, currency, credit, and customs regulation, monetary emission, and the foundations of pricing policy; federal economic services, including federal banks;

h) the federal budget; federal taxes and duties; federal regional development funds;

i) federal power systems, nuclear power generation, fissile materials; federal transport, railroads, information, and communications; activity in space;

j) the Russian Federation's foreign policy and international relations and the Russian Federation's international treaties; issues of war and peace;

k) the Russian Federation's foreign economic relations; l) defense and security; defense production; the determination of the procedure for the sale and purchase of weapons, ammunition, military hardware, and other military property; the production of toxic substances, narcotic substances, and the procedure for their use;

m) the determination of the status and protection of the State border, territorial seas, airspace, the exclusive economic zone, and the continental shelf of the Russian Federation;

n) the judicial system; the prosecutor's office, legislation in the field of criminal, criminal-procedure, and criminal-executive law; amnesty and the granting of pardons; legislation in the field of civil law, the law of civil procedure and the law of arbitral procedure; the legal regulation of intellectual property;

o) federal law relating to the conflict of laws;

p) the meteorological service, standards and standard weights and measurements, the metric system and measurements of time; geodesy and cartography; geographic names; official statistical records and accounting;

q) State awards and honorary titles of the Russian Federation;

r) the federal civil service.

Article 72

1) The following fall within the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the components of the Russian Federation:

a) guaranteeing that the constitutions and laws of republics, and he charters, laws, and other normative legal acts of krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, the autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrugs accord with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws;

b) the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms; the protection of the rights of national minorities; the guaranteeing of legality , law and order, and public safety; the arrangements relating to border zones;

c) issues relating to the ownership, use, and disposal of land, mineral resources, water, and other natural resources;

d) the delimitation of State property;

e) the use of the natural environment ; environmental protection and the guaranteeing of ecological safety; natural sites under protection; the protection of historical and cultural monuments;

f) general issues of nurture, education, science culture, physical fitness, and sport;

g) the coordination of questions of public health; the protection of the family, mothers, fathers, and children; social protection, including social security;

h) the implementation of measures for combating catastrophes, natural disasters and epidemics, and the elimination of their consequences;

i) the establishment of general principles of taxation and levying of duties in the Russian Federation;

j) administrative, administrative-procedural, labor, family, housing, land, water, and forestry legislation, and legislation on mineral resources and on environmental protection;

k) cadres of judicial and law-enforcement organs; attorneys and notaries;

l) the protection of the primordial habitat and traditional way of life of numerically small ethnic communities;

m) the establishment of the general principles for the organization of a system of organs of State power and local self-government;

n) the coordination of the international and foreign economic relations of the components of the Russian Federation, and the fulfillment of the Russian Federation's international treaties.

2) The provisions of this article extend in equal measure to the republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, the autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrugs.

Article 73

Outside the compass of the Russian Federation's jurisdiction and the powers of the Russian Federation as regards the terms of reference of the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the components of the Russian Federation, the components of the Russian Federation possess Sate power in its entirety.

Article 74

1) The establishment of customs borders, duties, levies, and any other hindrances to the free movement of goods, services, and financial assets is not permitted on the territory of the Russian Federation.

2) Restrictions on the movement of goods and services can be introduce in accordance with federal law if this is essential for ensuring safety, the protection of the life and health of people, and the protection of nature and cultural assets.

Article 75

1) The monetary unit in the Russian Federation is the ruble. Monetary emission is carried out exclusively by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The introduction and emission of other currencies is not permitted in the Russian Federation.

2) The protection and the guaranteeing of the stability of the ruble is the basic function of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation which it carries out independently of the other organs of State power.

3) The system of taxes levied for the federal budget and the general principles of taxation and levies in the Russian Federation are established by federal law.

4) State loans are issued according to a procedure determined by federal law and are floated on a voluntary basis.

Article 76

1) Federal constitutional laws and federal laws which operate directly throughout the territory of the Russian Federation are adopted with regard to the Russian Federation's areas of responsibility.

2) Federal laws, and the laws and other normative legal enactments of the components of the Russian Federation adopted in accordance with the aforesaid federal laws, are promulgated with regard to the areas of joint responsibility of the Russian Federation and components of the Russian Federation.

3) Federal laws cannot conflict with federal constitutional laws.

4) Outside the compass of the Russian Federation's jurisdiction and the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the components of the Russian Federation, the republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, the autonomous oblast, and the autonomous okrugs exercise their own legal regulation, including the adoption of laws and other normative legal enactments.

5) The laws and other normative legal enactments of the components of the Russian Federation cannot conflict with federal laws adopted in accordance with the first and second parts of this article. In the event of conflicts between the federal law and another enactment promulgated in the Russian Federation, the federal law is to obtain.

6) In the event of conflict between federal law and a normative legal enactment of a component of the Russian Federation promulgated in accordance with the fourth part of this article, the normative legal enactment of the component of the Russian Federation obtains.

Article 77

1) The system of organs of State power of the republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, the autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrugs is established by the components of the Russian Federation independently in accordance with the fundamentals of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and the general principles of the organization of representative and executive organs of State power established by federal law.

2) Within the areas of responsibility of the Russian Federation and the powers of he Russian Federation as regards the terms of reference of the joint jurisdictions of the Russian Federation and the components of the Russian Federation, the federal organs of executive power of the components of the Russian Federation form a unified system of executive power in the Russian Federation.

Article 78

1) In order to exercise their powers, the federal organs of executive power can create their own territorial organs and appoint the relevant officials.

2) The federal organs of executive power, by agreement with the organs of executive power of the components of the Russian Federation can hand over to them the implementation of part of their powers provided that this does not conflict with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.

3) By agreement with the federal organs of executive power the organs of executive power of the components of the Russian Federation can hand over to them the implementation of part of their powers.

4) The President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation ensure, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the exercise of the powers of federal State authority throughout the territory of the Russian Federation.

Article 79

The Russian Federation can participate in interstate associations and hand over to them part of its powers in accordance with international treaties unless this entails the restriction of human and civil rights and freedoms and unless it conflicts with the fundamentals of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation.

Chapter One | Chapter Two | Chapter Three |
Chapter Four | Chapter Five | Chapter Six |
Chapter Seven | Chapter Eight | Chapter Nine |
Section Two | Index |

Midnight Diaries